Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to relieve pain and restore function in a severely damaged or diseased knee joint. The surgery involves removing the damaged or worn-out surfaces of the knee joint and replacing them with an artificial implant made of metal, plastic, or ceramic components. This new prosthetic joint mimics the natural movement of the knee, aiming to alleviate symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and difficulty with mobility. Knee replacement surgery is typically recommended for patients with advanced osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or significant knee injuries that have not responded to conservative treatments like medication, physical therapy, or injections. The primary cause for performing knee replacement surgery is to provide significant pain relief and improve function in individuals with severe knee joint damage. The procedure is intended to enhance the patient's ability to perform daily activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, and engaging in physical activities, thereby improving their overall quality of life.
Despite its effectiveness, knee replacement surgery carries potential complications. Common risks include infection at the surgical site, blood clots, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. Patients may also experience postoperative pain, swelling, and stiffness, with a risk of implant-related issues such as wear, loosening, or mechanical failure over time. Long-term complications might include limited range of motion or persistent pain. Despite these risks, knee replacement surgery is generally successful in relieving pain and improving joint function, offering significant benefits for patients with advanced knee joint damage.
